Conceptualizing Naval Helicopter Landing Gear Engineering Essay

Conceptualizing Naval Helicopter Landing Gear Engineering Essay The landing gear is an important part of an aircraft as far as the take-offs and landings are concerned. The landing gear mechanisms (or structures) are pretty simple in case of the commercial helicopter as compared to the commercial airplanes. But, that is not the case for the naval helicopters. Because of the not-so-friendly landing conditions, the naval helicopter must have sophisticated landing gear mechanism connected with its fuselage. The design of the landing gear mechanism for the naval helicopter should be such that the helicopter can land safely in aircraft carrier as well as in ground; also, the mechanism should not fail under the sea wave excitation, while in ground condition. b. Research on landing gear During the initial days of the human flying history, the flyers used to have the Skids as landing gears. The skids are still very much in use for commercial helicopters. But, for the airplanes and for the naval helicopters wheels are used mostly for the landing gears. The wheels are connected with the shock absorbers to form the landing gears. The landing gear, then, get connected with the fuselage in various fashions based upon the size of the aircraft. All the wheel based landing gears can broadly be categorized in three main categories: Conventional Tri-cycle Tandem Fig.1: Showing three basic types of wheel based landing gears Two front wheels and a rear tail wheel are used to form the conventional landing gear. The older aircrafts still have this type of landing gear. Ground handling is bit difficult here. The tri-cycle configurations has two (or multiple of two) wheels at rear and minimum of one nose wheel (s) at front. It gives better ground handling comfort and used widely for small sized aircrafts. On the basis of the wheel arrangements, different types of tri-cycle arrangements are possible (as shown below) Fig.2: Showing different types of Tri-Cycle configurations (as per Federal Aviation Administration nomenclature) The multiples of landing gears are placed in line to form a complex tandem landing gear system. Different combinations of tandem are possible (as shown below): Fig.3: Showing different types of Tandem configurations (as per Federal Aviation Administration nomenclature) c. Conceptualizing Naval helicopter Landing Gear After studying different types of available landing gears configurations, I have decided to develop the landing gear concept of Single wheel main gear with dual wheel nose gear configuration. It s a kind of tri-cycle configuration. Fig.4: Showing the rough landing gear concept I have decided to use only torsion spring as shock absorbing elements for the concept. d. Preliminary Design Calculations In order further developing the concept, I have used the following data: Total mass of the helicopter = 5126 Kg Sprung mass on each spring, m = 2563 Kg Distance between the front and rear gear = 5 m Distance between the two rear gears= 2m Normal landing: Vertical descent speed of the helicopter = 0.5 m/sec Vertical deck speed = 0 So, the relative speed between the deck and the helicopter, v =0. 5 m/sec=500 mm/sec So, the kinetic energy of the helicopter, KE = 0.5*m*v^2 = 320375000 kg-mm^2/sec^2 The energy stored in the torsion spring, SE= 0.5*k*r^2 =0.5*k Where, k= spring rate in N-mm/degree r=deformation of the spring =1 degree (assumed) Now, as KE = SE .eqn.1 So, k= 640750000 N-mm/Degree I will use this spring rate for rest of the two landing conditions to find out the deformations of the torsion springs. Hard landing: Vertical descent speed of the helicopter = 3 m/sec Vertical deck speed = -3 m/sec So, the relative speed between the deck and the helicopter, v =6 m/sec=6000 mm/sec K= 640750000 N-mm/degree So, by using the eqn.1: r= 12 degree Crush landing: Vertical descent speed of the helicopter = 15 m/sec Vertical deck speed = 0m/sec So, the relative speed between the deck and the helicopter, v =15 m/sec=15000 mm/sec K= 640750000 N-mm/degree So, by using the eqn.1: r= 30 degree So, I will start my ADAMS design with the values obtained from this hand calculation and gradually fine tune the values in order to meet the landing criteria. e. Converting the Conceptual Design to ADAMS Mechanisms I have used the MSC ADAMS software for preparing two landing gear mechanism design options out of the conceptual design and the hand calculations. The two design options differ in terms of heights. Parametric design advantage of the ADAMS software is utilized for creating the two design options. While creating the two mechanism design options, the following ADAMS options are utilized: Point : Points are used for creating basic locations of all the important elements of the design (like centre of the wheels etc.) Torus : Wheels of the landing gears are created using the torus option. Link : All the structural members (like top frame, axels etc) are created using this option. Box : This tool is used for creating the landing deck of the air craft carrier. Torsion Spring : This is for creating the front and rear torsion springs. Hinge Joint : This option is for creating all the revolute joints of the mechanism. Translational Joint : This option is used for creating the translational joints. Contact : The contacts between the wheels and the deck are created using this option. e.1. ADAMS Mechanism Option-1 The mechanism option-1 looks like below: Fig.5: Showing the ADAMS Mechanism option-1 Arrangement The points table for the mechanism option-1 looks like below: Fig.6: Showing the point table for the mechanism option-1 e.2. ADAMS Mechanism Option-2 The mechanism option-2 looks like below: Fig.7: Showing the ADAMS Mechanism option-2 Arrangement The points table for the mechanism option-2 looks like below: Fig.8: Showing the point table for the mechanism option-2 e.3. Selecting the Optimum ADAMS Landing Gear Mechanism The selection of the best design out of the two options is done by observing the acceleration values. The acceleration plots for the hard landing conditions (descent velocity of the helicopter = 3 m/sec and upward deck speed = 3m/sec) for both the concepts are shown below: Fig.9: Showing the hard landing condition acceleration plots for both the concepts The above plot is showing that the maximum acceleration value for the design -2 is more than 50 m/sec2. The acceleration plots for the crush landing condition (descent velocity of the helicopter =15 m/sec and upward deck speed = 0 m/sec) for both the options are shown below: Fig.10: Showing the crush landing condition acceleration plots for both the concepts The above plot is showing that the maximum acceleration value for the design option-2 is much higher in case of the crush landing condition. So, on the basis of the above two tests, it can be concluded that the design option-1 is better among the two options. Hence, I have selected the design option-1 for further analysis. f. Testing the Selected ADAMS mechanism (design option-1) Against the Specified Landing Conditions Normal Landing Condition: The acceleration plot for normal landing condition (descent velocity of the helicopter = 0.5 m/sec and upward deck speed = 0m/sec) for the design option-1 is shown below: Fig.11: Showing the normal landing condition acceleration plots for the Design Option-1 The above plot is showing that the maximum acceleration value for normal landing condition for the design option-1 is 7.5 m/sec2. Hard Landing Condition: The acceleration plot for normal landing condition (descent velocity of the helicopter = 3 m/sec and upward deck speed = 3m/sec) for the design option-1 is shown below: Fig.12: Showing the hard landing condition acceleration plots for the Design Option-1 The above plot is showing that the maximum acceleration value for hard landing condition for the design option-1 is 48.1 m/sec2. Crush Landing Condition: The acceleration plot for normal landing condition (descent velocity of the helicopter = 15 m/sec and upward deck speed = 0m/sec) for the design option-1 is shown below: Fig.13: Showing the crush landing condition acceleration plots for the Design Option-1 The above plot is showing that the maximum acceleration value for hard landing condition for the design option-1 is 119.6 m/sec2. g. Running the Vibration Analysis for the Selected ADAMS Mechanism The vibration analysis is performed for the Design option-1 using the ADAMS vibration plug-in. For simulating the sea wave oscillations, two acceleration actuators are used at front and the rear axles. One output channel is created at the COG of the top frame. The output channel is used for measuring the acceleration at the COG of the frame. Fig.14: Showing the Frequency Response Analysis plot for the Design Option-1 The pick of the above frequency response plot indicates the resonating frequency for the design option-1. So, the resonating frequency here is 64.5 Hz. h. Consolidated Results for Design Option-1 Parameters Values Maximum Normal Landing Acceleration (m/sec2) 7.5 Maximum Normal Landing Acceleration (m/sec2) 48.1 Maximum Normal Landing Acceleration (m/sec2) 119.6 Resonating Frequency (Hz) 64.5 i. Discussion Task-1: This task is covered in the section-c and section-d. Task-2: This task is covered in Section-f. Task-3: This task is covered in section-g. Task-4: This task is covered in section-e. j. Conclusion The ADAMS is a powerful tool for creating and testing a mechanism under specified conditions. The parametric feature of ADAMS helps creating different design iterations easier. The design option-1 passed all the landing conditions specified for the assignment. Also, the resonating frequency observed for the design option-1 is 64.5 Hz. k. References http://www.faa.gov/airports/resources/publications/orders/media/Construction_5300_7.pdf http://www.allstar.fiu.edu/aero/flight14.htm http://www.helis.com/howflies/skids.php http://www.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason_f/M96SC.html

A Laptop Computer

A laptop is a portable personal computer. They have furthermost of the similar components as a desktop computer, likewise a display screen, a pointing device such as a touchpad which also known as a track pads, a keyboard, and 2 speakers. Laptop computers are powered by mains electricity via an AC adapter, and can be used away from using a rechargeable battery. Sometimes there are also called notebook computers or notebooks. Laptops are portable computers. They are standard devices between students, businesspeople, and people who daily use their computer on the go.The cost of laptop is more than desktop computers for similar specifications, due to their nearby portability. They can have as extremely power and speed in place of desktops and laptop can be easily connect to external device for instance, monitors or keyboards, and other peripherals. They are more comfortable for use in business meetings, classrooms, cars, planes, trains, etc. Moreover, Laptops are that you can take all o ver the place with you without any difficulty.It can take up very small space and people can only use for few hours without access to power. Laptop computers come in many sizes, which generally refer to the size of the display. They can choice from a 10-inch to 20-inch for normal laptops. Laptops come in several resolutions ranging from 1280Ãâ€"800 to 1920Ãâ€"1080. Laptop video cards and processors are designed built on the desktop processors, but they are produced with low power in mind. They are generally less powerful than the desktop computer.Furthermore, they are increasing in popularity and for moral reason. They have benefits that are incomparable by desktop machines. And, bigger technology has dramatically dropped the price on most models. The laptop's small size removes the need for a large computer desk, and peripherals (scanners, printers, and mobile phone and external hard-drives) are simply linked with a USB cable. Wireless internet or Wi-Fi connectivity is possible, and most components now feature built-in fingerprint readers, Web cams, speakers and other operating systems.Laptop is a good technology because it very easy to take it anywhere. People can easily access to the internet and get their information by the help of Wi-Fi. Most of people are turning toward from desktop computers to laptop because its cost is decreasing, now nearby the same price as a similarly desktop computer. I really my laptop it save my time. When the electricity is gone, my laptop still on, so by the help of laptop I easily completes my assignments.

The Methodist Movement in America Essay - 4411 Words

From the time it was introduced to America in 1766, by Phillip Embury in New York and Robert Strawbridge in Maryland (Methodism 2) until the middle of the 19th century, Methodism enjoyed a meteoric rise. At the time of the American Revolution Methodists comprised a very small percentage of the American religious population, and yet by the mid 1800s Methodism was a dominant religious movement. In fact, historian William Warren Sweet claims that while â€Å"of all the religious bodies in America at the close of the American Revolution, the Methodists were the most insignificant,† it can now safely be said that â€Å"Methodism was to the West what Puritanism was to New England,† (3) that is, the dominant cultural and religious force. In fact, he†¦show more content†¦In the midst of this fierce conflict Samuel Wesley was jailed for some debts. While he was in jail, it seems, his congregation burned his fields and killed his livestock. Later, on February 9, 1709, th ey set fire to his rectory. John Wesley’s earliest experiences in this world were of this conflict between the unyielding stubbornness of a worldly people and the uncompromising claims of a man of God. This conflict undoubtedly shaped the course of his life and religious views, but, even more influential was his experience of the fire at the rectory. He was just five years old when the only home he had ever known was set on fire, with him still in it. His father, â€Å"unable to go back through the fire to the boy’s room,† gave up on him, and â€Å"prayed for God to receive him,† (Heydt 1). But John Wesley was not yet ready to leave this world he had only just begun to experience, and God was not yet ready to receive him. When all hope seemed lost, he jumped out of a window into the arms of his mother, â€Å"just as the building’s roof collapsed,† (Heydt 2). His father found him and Susanah together, then, â€Å"having accounted for the saf ety of his entire family, he†¦ told those who had gathered to lend assistance, ‘Let the house go, I am rich enough,’† (Heydt 2). This experience obviously left an indelible mark on John Wesley. He would, for the rest of his life,Show MoreRelatedImpact of Second Great Awakening on Modern Society1415 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity. Starting on the Southern frontier and soon spreading to the Northeast, the Second Great Awakening has also been associated as a response against the growing liberalism in religion - skepticism, deism, and rational Christianity.2 Although the movement is well-known to be just a period of religious revival, its tremendous effects still influence the nation even up to now. 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Dreams Is The Prime Destination For Many Immigrants

Dreams are powerful. They are images that flash in our mind as we sleep or goals that define us while we are awake. For centuries, dreams have been the reason for immigrants to come to America. Dreams of a better job, education and life or dreams of refuge, love and riches. America has been the prime destination for many immigrants that seek opportunities and a better future. My family was no exception. As a native born Malaysian, I have lived in my hometown for ten years before making the huge move to the U.S. One reason for the big move is that dreams cannot prosper in Malaysia. More often than not, the dreams of becoming a firefighter or a doctor simply vanishes and dies because of the ineffective governance of Malaysia’s leaders. If my family wanted any possibility of a bright future, America was the answer. It was a Wednesday in the month of December. Our whole family boarded the planed headed to the state of Texas, USA. 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The Importance of Religious Beliefs: â€Å"One Nation under God † †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Chapter II The Nation of Immigrants†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2.1. American beliefs and values†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2.2. The Process of Americanization in American History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..... 2.3. 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An Eco Friendly Attitude And Environmental Awareness Essay

Introduction Today man has exploited his home to the extent that there is a greater need to go back to old life. With the emergence of science and technology there is a gradual depletion of environmental resources. It is often taken for granted that natural resources are to be exploited for sound economy. The issues like rampant sand mining, ever increasing greenhouse gases like heavy emission of carbon dioxide, gradual depletion of ozone layer, spread of epidemics, unheard diseases, e-waste dumping, devastating incidents, etc. have alerted humans against environmental hazards and disasters or possible holocaust. Man who looks for economic growth only and not ecology conversion is the main cause behind environmental hazards. The resent researchers have warned that the danger is lurking near us. The human population has doubled in the past 35 years, in the same period; the number of the invertebrate animals has decreased by 50 per cent because of the loss of habitat or global environmental disruption. Thus, there is a strong need for an eco-friendly attitude and environmental awareness. There are many ways to do so of which literature is one the best mediums. This paper looks in to ecocritical issues faced in twenty first century and its remedies inscribed in literature, especially in the novel ‘The Alchemist’ of Paulo Coelho. 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Narrative Writing †Low Profile Free Essays

Boris Watkins was humming a tune to the radio in his car when the music was interrupted by a special news bulletin. â€Å"We break into our regular programming to bring you an update on the bank robbery that occurred earlier today at the St. George’s branch of the United Bank. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Writing – Low Profile or any similar topic only for you Order Now A lone gunman escaped with nearly two million dollars, wounding two guards and an off-duty police officer while making his exit. Due to a malfunction in the bank’s security cameras, a photograph is not available, but a police sketch has just been released to the public. More details will follow as they come to light. We now return you to our regular broadcast.† Boris strolled through the side door of the packed jewellery store, avoiding the business’s main entrance. Casually he surveyed the store as he pretended to study a banner proclaiming â€Å"Diamond Sale Days.† One of the clerks, an attractive young woman dressed in a formal business suit, was speaking in low tones to the store’s handsome young security guard. Though the store itself was crowded, the saleswoman’s area was experiencing a lax time. She was taking advantage of the lull by passing the time with the handsome guard. From the way the two of them spoke, Boris guessed they were planning an after-hours rendezvous when suddenly the girl’s eyes caught his. In the brief span of their eye contact, he felt something odd in her stare. Had she recognised him, or in some uncanny way knew what he was up to? There had been a sudden burst of something he couldn’t quite place his finger on before their gazes broke. No, he was just being paranoid. It was part of the rush that accompanied his thefts, something he had to control. When he was stealing, Boris always felt as if he was on the verge of being caught. If he was honest with himself, he would acknowledge that this was part of the thrill. When he glanced back at the girl, he saw that she was engaged in deep conversation with her beau, forgetting about him completely. That was the way Boris liked it; the lower the profile, the better. Boris walked out of their direct sight and approached a busy counter where several customers were vying for a lone salesman’s attentions. Perfect. He pushed his way to the counter, and after several minutes of waiting, managed to catch the man’s attention. Boris asked to see three sets of expensive diamond earrings and one set of inferior jewellery most likely brought into the store just for the sale. Pretending to ponder the choices, Boris ignored the bustling crowd at his elbows. Finally another customer grew impatient with him and said in a stern voice to the salesman, â€Å"While he’s making up his mind, I see exactly what I want. I insist that you take my money right now.† That was what Boris had been waiting for. With the salesman’s attention distracted for a few moments, Boris slipped the most expensive earrings off the counter and into his pocket before anyone could see what he’d done. In plain sight, he picked up the cheap earrings and approached the salesman with a fifty dollar bill in his hand. Boris said, â€Å"I’ve made up my mind. I’ll take these.† The salesman looked at Boris, then back at the abandoned earrings still on the counter ten paces away. Breathlessly, he said, â€Å"One moment, please,† as he retrieved the unclaimed diamond sets remaining. Frowning for a second at the counter, he shrugged slightly before replacing the remaining sets back in the display. Boris hadn’t even realized he’d been holding his breath. After accepting the woman’s purchase ahead of him, the clerk took care of Boris, pointedly ignoring his attempt at small talk as he watched a few disgruntled customers walking away empty-handed. With a store bag proudly displayed, Boris fought his way back to the side entrance he’d just come in. The odds of anyone suspecting him of wrongdoing should be negligible. After all, he had a perfectly legitimate receipt in his possession for the cheap earrings now in his bag. It was simply a matter of walking out of the store unnoticed and he’d be home free. As he passed the counter where the attractive young woman had been speaking with the security guard, Boris was relieved to see that both of them had vanished, probably taking their breaks together. He was just stepping out of the door when he noticed a squad of police facing him, their guns drawn in a semi-circle, every weapon pointing directly at him. Through a bullhorn, one of the police officers commanded, â€Å"Drop your bag and hit the ground, or we’ll shoot.† Boris did as he was told, stunned by the massive show of force. He looked up in despair as he saw an officer clad in a bullet-proof vest approach him cautiously. In seconds, Boris was handcuffed and jerked to his feet. He said, â€Å"I don’t understand what’s going on.† The officer who had cuffed him said, â€Å"Don’t play dumb. A clerk inside spotted you the second you walked in the door.† â€Å"Yeah, I’ve been arrested once before, but it was never with this much fuss.† â€Å"What did you expect? It’s not like you were keeping a low profile.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† Without saying a word, the officer reached into his back pocket and pulled out a sheet of paper. Boris found his sketched image staring back at him from the ‘Wanted’ Bulletin. His knees went weak as he realised that he was a dead ringer for the police sketch of the man who’d just robbed the bank. How to cite Narrative Writing – Low Profile, Essays

Working with Diverse Families Cross-Cultural Practice

Question: Discuss about theWorking with Diverse Families forCross-Cultural Practice. Answer: Introduction Strength based practice promotes and supports a god family-centred practices within the diverse families. According to Hollinger (2007), the care workers should communicate with the members of the diverse families in order to help them to solve interpersonal problems and to enhance problem solving and parenting skills. This particular discourse will discuss the importance of cross-cultural practice, which is closely interlinked with the strength-based practices for working with the diverse families. The essential elements of cross-cultural practice involve engaging every family member in order to provide a direct assistance during the encounter of critical challenges. This specific discourse will explain the importance of strength-based approach for working with the diverse families and the policies of strength based practices. Even at the end of the discussion, there will be mention of any literature gap, which is required for further studies on this particular topic of cross-cultur al practices to work with the diverse families. This particular study will explain the necessity of the modern technologies in order to strengthen the professional, interpersonal and personal knowledge for working with the diverse families. All of these skills are required for the care workers, as they have to deal with the care service users from diverse families. There are often contradictions and tensions among the members of the group in a care home of within the families. Discussion Australia has a culturally diverse population; therefore, the care workers should understand the necessity of strength-based practice as it is closely associated with the policies or practices while working with the diverse families. Odom Kaul (2003) have mentioned that the child protection in care homes is an instance that clearly supports the concept of strengths based practice in health care. The residential programmes, which work with the children and to maintain their safety within a particular care home or foster care, the particular requirements, should be addressed within a structured health care environment. Although the government of Australian has certain effective laws, regulations and legislations in order to maintain the safety of the children in foster care or home care. Even the cross-cultural practices involve the community based group homes in order to help the children to use the residential campus facilities under the juvenile justice systems both for the youth a nd for children to deal with the behavioural problems and mental health. The care workers should possess some unique and innovative process in order to deal with the members of an identified group of different socio-economic class, gender group, language o the ethnic group. There is a dichotomy and differences in between the family policies across the world and the country policies. It can be the societal, structural or the individual factors that may influence the behaviour of the members in diverse families. The care workers have to face several relevant issues within the diverse families and most of the confront issues involve regarding adolescence, ageing, birth and adulthoods. Among the existing strategies, which are directly enhancing the permanency, wellbeing and safety of the children for tailoring the services to the unique and interesting requirements by building upon existing strengths and regulations. As the child welfare, policy makers and agency administrators constantly strive for improving the services and the results for children in the care home. Australian government has established potential child welfare practices and policies, which facilitate and promote the strength-based and individualised approach. Brotherton (2011) has suggested that policy plays a crucial role for sustaining a strength-based practice as without it; there will be no development of children care in the care homes or foster care. The functions of the family practices are closely interconnected with the established values, norms and beliefs of own culture. There are numerous inquiries related to the child protection services in various locations of Australia and a large attributable part that rises a demand on the child protection services because the health care workforce often suffers from the practice of low-morale of the care workers, who are ill-equipped from the concerned roles and responsibilities of them (Emeraldinsight.com, 2016). This particular study reflects the intent underpinning of the current reforms for discussing a promise of public health approach and the appearance of not delivering the desired results. The care workers have to understand the basic culture of the diverse families in order to cope up with the mentality of the members regarding the concept of sexuality, partnering, parenting, gender, sustaining committed relationships and work pressures. In most of the cases, the fundamental structure of the society cares and nurtures the emotions of the children and the adult members of the diverse families. Every individual and the families are completely different from the other; therefore, the care workers should understand th e existing culture of the diverse families and treat accordingly with providing adequate respect. In Australia, the strength-based and individualised approach has been referred the practice methods and essential strategies to identify a drastic shift from deficit approach that emphasises the existing problems in the care homes in order to support a positive kind of partnership with the family. There are linguistically and culturally diverse, migrant and refugee children in the care home of Australia. Ife (2012) has referred that the cross-cultural practices play an important role to mitigate any kind of challenges within the care home. The department of communities and the government of Australia value the cultural diversity and guess on the existing challenges and issues, which should be resolved by the management of the care home. The care workers strictly follow the organisational policies and framework in order to control any kind of critical issues within a diverse environment of health care. As opined by Early GlenMaye (2012), cross-cultural practices value the diversity i n workplace and it values and respects the positive kind of parenting practices within the diverse families also in order to support the contribution of the care workers from diverse background. The Australian Childcare Alliance (ACA) is member-funded and non-profitable organisation in order to advocate the ultimate future of the children of Australia (Australian Childcare Alliance, 2016). The management of this health care organisation operates the opportunities for providing the children adequate education in order to secure their future for their personal development. The cross-cultural practices are significant for the child protection according to the rues and regulation of Child Protection Act 1999 that clearly reflects that proper principle should be administrated for supporting the best interests within the care homes of Australia. Durgunoglu Verhoeven (2013) have determined the fact that parenting across cultures can become challenges in certain times for developing a perf ect sense of belonging and cultural identity. According to Greenfield Cocking (2014), an institutional approach reviews the welfare of child protection in the residential and foster care as it can be applied to all of the healthcare organisations with the preventive concentration. Although at the initial view there can be hardly any similarities in between Strengths Based Practice and Cross-cultural practice for representing an alternative review of the welfare of the child protection in the residential and foster care. Miranda (2014) has mentioned that the child protection services can be reflected as a clear example of the residual approach and the welfare responses can be triggered with the suspects of an individual regarding the abuse, negligence and imminent risk. On the other hand, the suspicions to the child protection services can be assess, monitored the investigation, allegation, and intervene during the requirement. Even the cross-cultural practices help to reduce the adversity and violence within the residential and foster care as it clearly denotes the maltreatment (Unisa.edu.au, 2016). The child protection services are mandate in order to respond to the sexual abuse, physical abuse, and emotional abuse, witnessing family violence and experiencing neglect. As all of these abusive natures of the individual may influence the mental health and wellbeing of the children, therefore, the Australian Childcare Alliance truly, engage effective and trustworthy care workers, who promote and support the cross-cultural practices within the health care organisations. Child protection services incorporate the evidence-based approach of cross-cultural practices through the corresponding expansion of the existing possibilities and scope (Odom Kaul, 2003). Various researches and studies actually help the care workers to understand the existing issues within the diverse families in order to cope up with the diverse situations. Even in the care homes, there are ethnic, regional conflicts, contradictions regardi ng racism, migration and poverty. However, there are certain instances that reveal the impact of globalisation in the activities of the diverse families. The Australian Childcare Alliance adheres to the laws and legislations of Australia irrespective of the different culture, race, ethnicity, language and religion among the children. Even the Juvenile Justice Act 2000 provides an establishment of 24-hour residential shelters for the children with diverse cultural background. The concerned healthcare organisation ensures the protection and welfare of the children as it comes under the Child Rights Act 2005, which supports the shelter and care home for the children. According to Harper-Dorton (2012), cross-cultural practices are potential enough to create an inclusive environment that may strengthen a positive relationship with local community for bringing a completely new perspective to encourage individual from different background. Even the cross-cultural practise is closely interconnected with the strength-based approach, which helps to identify the basic culture of the children in home care or foster home. As opined by Lee (2013), the cultural identity is supportive for the gradual enhancement of the self-esteem, a perfect sense of belonging the community and identity of the children. Even all of these factors can be considered as protective factors for the wellbeing and mental health in early childhood. Cross-cultural practices can be developed with the process of storytelling, language, routine, traditions and relationship with the other children in the care home. The care workers of the Australian Childcare Alliance help the children of this particular care home to be connected with their own heritage with an effective procedure of sharing cultural practices and stories. On the other hand, the cross-cultural practices helps to build a strong and stable social networks both for the children and their respective families as it truly helps to feel an essential segment of the community. Straussner (2012) has mentioned ethnocentrism can be considered as an effective term for judging and evaluating the culture o f others with the established standards of an individual. On the other hand, cultural relativism helps to understand the basic aspects of the other cultures in order to gain an in-depth knowledge and empathetic understanding of another individuals culture. The Australian Childcare Alliance has chosen the selective adoption procedure, which promotes certain practices that are valued and appreciated while the other healthcare organisations in Australia has rejected for further development in the health care industry of Australia. As opined by Kinloch Metge (2014), various development models on the cross-cultural practices are required to move from the place of ethnocentrism to the social engagement and informed reflection for claiming and recognising an individuals own ethnocentrism. Even the adopting position of the cultural relativism and the reflection on the ethical engagement actually denotes an initiation of the social changes (Australian Childcare Alliance, 2016). The strength-based practices with the diverse families help to gain an in-depth knowledge for understanding the policies and practices while providing care services to the members of diverse families (Kinloch Metge, 2014). There are certain strengths and limitation of the implication of the strength-based practices. The strengths of this particular practice involve seeking support for adjusting with the other members within the family. It is noteworthy to mention here that it takes certain times to find appropriate care workers, as it is tough to find a suitable care worker, who efficiently works to maintain cross-cultural practices within health care organisations. According to Shiraev Levy (2015), a cross-cultural practice within the Australia Childcare Alliance helps to adjust with the new children after migration that can encounter some serious kind of challenges for children and diverse families. In order to adjust with the new community in effective manner for instances, the young children requires different requirements for helping them to adjust in the new community rather than the adult individuals. The literature gap of this particular discourse involves that there are hardly any scope or possibility of suggestions for the educators, which play an essential role for maintain the cross-cultural practices in the diverse families. The concerned literature while completing this study falls in between the necessity of role of educators for supporting both the families and the children from various culturally diverse backgrounds. Even there are hardly any mentions about the approachable nature of the educators or the care workers in order to understand the necessity of cross-cultural practices for dealing with the diverse families. The health care organisations of Australia should promote ideas for enhancing the process of cross-cultural suggestions within the care home. Even the management of the care home should arrange an effective and potential training session in order to help the care workers to mitigate any kind of challenges that they face while dealing with the diverse famil ies and children in the residential or foster care. Conclusion Strengths Based Practice with the diverse families is an important aspect and in this particular study, cross-cultural practices, which is related to the Strengths Based Practice. This particular discourse clearly explains the importance of child protection n consideration to the Australia Childcare Alliance. Even at the end of this study, there are an identification and explanation of a literature gap. This particular discourse reveals differential response on the sensible and pragmatic addition to the existing child protection services as it does not resolve the existing problems of the concerned health care organisations in Australia. However, the effective recommendations can customise the responses that are solely depended upon the individual requirements and demands. Even there should be a proper collaboration for the child protection services of the Australian Childcare Alliance with the other community partners in the various locations of Australia. References Australian Childcare Alliance. (2016). Home Australianchildcarealliance.org.au. Retrieved 14 November 2016, from https://www.australianchildcarealliance.org.au/ Brotherton, G. (2011). Working with children, young people and families - the policy context. In G. Brotherton, H. Davies G. McGillivray (Eds.), Working with children, young people and families (pp. 1-15). London: Sage. Durgunoglu, A. Y., Verhoeven, L. (2013).Literacy development in a multilingual context: Cross-cultural perspectives. Routledge. Early, T. J., GlenMaye, L. F. (2012). Valuing families: Social work practice with families from a strengths perspective.Social Work,45(2), 118-130. Emeraldinsight.com (2016) Barriers to inclusion and successful engagement of parents in mainstream services. Retrieved from: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/JCS-05-2014-0027?journalCode=jcs Greenfield, P. M., Cocking, R. R. (2014).Cross-cultural roots of minority child development. Psychology Press. Harper-Dorton, K. V. (2012).Cross-cultural practice: Social work with diverse populations. Lyceum Books, Incorporated. Hollinger, M. (2007). Chapter 14 Ethical Reflections for aglobalizedfamily curriculum: a developmental paradigm. InSherif-Trask, B. Hamon, R. (eds.).Cultural Diversity and Families: Expanding Perspectives. Thousand Oaks. Sage Publications Inc. Ife, J. (2012).Human rights and social work: Towards rights-based practice. Cambridge University Press. Kinloch, P., Metge, J. (2014).Talking past each other: problems of cross cultural communication. Victoria University Press. Lee, J. A. (2013).The empowerment approach to social work practice. Columbia University Press. Miranda, A. (2014). Best practices in increasing cross-cultural competency.Best practices in school psychology: Foundations, 9-20. Odom, S.L., Kaul, S. (2003). Early intervention themes and variations from around the world: Summary. In S. Odom, L (Ed.), Early intervention practices around the world. Shiraev, E. B., Levy, D. (2015).Cross-cultural psychology: Critical thinking and contemporary applications. Routledge. Straussner, S. L. A. (Ed.). (2012).Ethnocultural factors in substance abuse treatment. Guilford Press. Unisa.edu.au (2016) Contemporary issues in child protection intake, referral and family support. Retrieved from: https://search.ror.unisa.edu.au/media/researcharchive/open/9915910257901831/53108750520001831